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British Empire Medal : ウィキペディア英語版 | British Empire Medal
The British Empire Medal (formally British Empire Medal for Meritorious Service) is a British medal awarded for meritorious civil or military service worthy of recognition by the Crown.〔 The current honour was created in 1922 to replace the original medal which had been established in 1917 as part of the Order of the British Empire. ==Award== The British Empire Medal, which may be awarded posthumously, is granted in recognition of meritorious civil or military service. Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "BEM". The honour is divided into civil and military medals in a similar way to the Order of the British Empire itself. Like the ribbons used for other classes of the Order of the British Empire, the ribbon of the British Empire Medal is rose-pink with pearl-grey edges, with the addition of a pearl-grey central stripe for the military division. While recipients are not technically counted as members of the Order, these medals are nevertheless affiliated with it. Between 1993 and 2012, the British Empire Medal was not awarded to subjects of the United Kingdom, although it continued to be awarded in some Commonwealth realms during that time. The practice of awarding the British Empire Medal to subjects of the United Kingdom was resumed in June 2012 to coincide with the Queen's Diamond Jubilee,〔(Second Report on Operation of the Reformed Honours System ), The Cabinet Office, 12 December 2011, pp.3-4〕 although only in the civil division.〔http://www.worcmedals.com/shop.php?sec=prod&prod=973&product=bem-eiir-military-copy〕
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